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This study investigated the effects of ginkgolide B on the long-chain fatty acid metabolism-related enzyme protein peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors α (PPARα), long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCAD), carnitine palmitoyl transterase-1 (CPT-1), and acyl coenzyme A oxidase 1 (ACOX1) expression in the liver of rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). All the animal welfare and experimental procedures are in accordance with the regulations of the Animal Ethics Committee of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. After successfully building the rat model of non-alcoholic abnormal liver disease, the rats were divided into the model group, the simvastatin group, and the low-dose, middle-dose, and high-dose groups of ginkgolide B according to random number method, and were given corresponding drug treatment 4 weeks. We detected liver pathological indicators and determined blood lipids, transaminase and anti-oxidation indexes. Western blot and RT-PCR assays were used to detect the protein and mRNA levels of PPARα, LCAD, CPT-1, and ACOX1 in livers. The results showed that: ① the liver histopathology showed that the liver slices of the model group had obvious structural disorder, the nucleus was squeezed, and there were obvious fat vacuoles. The treatment groups improved significantly compared with the model group; ② compared with the normal group, the liver function and blood lipid indexes of the model group increased significantly, while the anti-oxidation indexes decreased significantly. Compared with the model group, each treatment groups were significantly improved; ③ compared with the normal group, the protein and mRNA expression levels of PPARα, ACOX1, CPT-1, and LCAD in the model group were significantly reduced, compared with the model group, those indexes in the treatment groups were significantly up-regulated. This study found that ginkgolide B could regulate the expression of long-chain fatty acid metabolism-related proteins PPARα, ACOX1, CPT-1, and LCAD, meanwhile improve the body's antioxidant capacity, thereby reduce blood lipids, further improve liver function and protect the liver.
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An eco-friendly and fast HPLC method was developed for the determination of adenosine, inosine, guanosine and uridine in Cordyceps and related products (fermented mycelia of Hirsutella sinensis andPaecilomyces hepiali). The sample was ultrasonically extracted using 0.5% phosphoric acid solutions for 2.5 min. Sample separation was performed on a Poroshell SB-Aq column (50 mm × 4.6 mm, 2.7 μm) using eco-friendly mobile phase consisting of formic acid and ammonium formate aqueous solution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min
Subject(s)
Adenosine , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Cordyceps , NucleosidesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the effect of one-stage treatment of bone morphogenetic protein 2 combined with Jifusheng in the experimental model of osteomyelitis in rabbits.@*METHODS@#The model of chronic osteomyelitis of tibia was established in 30 3-month-old male New Zealand white rabbits with a body weight of (2.0±0.5) kg, and the model was verified 4 weeks after operation. Thirty rabbits with osteomyelitis were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 rabbits in each group (@*RESULTS@#At 4 weeks after operation, 30 rabbits with osteomyelitis were successfully validated. The results of serological examination showed that the hypersensitive C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell count(WBC)in the model group were significantly higher than those in the blank group at 2 and 4 weeks after operation. Eight weeks after treatment, the detection of blood indexes showed that the white blood cell count (WBC)and hypersensitive C reactive protein (CRP)in treatment group A and treatment group B were significantly lower than those in the model group (@*CONCLUSION@#The combined application of apolipoprotein 2-Jifusheng can promote bone repair and reduce the inflammation of the focus. it can treat rabbits with osteomyelitis in one stage, provide objective basis for the formulation of clinical treatment strategy of osteomyelitis and further promote clinical research.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rabbits , Apolipoproteins , Bone Density , Bone and Bones , Osteomyelitis/drug therapy , TibiaABSTRACT
Alzheimer's disease(AD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease with recent memory impairment as the main clinical manifestation and senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles as the main pathological changes. In recent years, the effect of microRNAs on AD has attracted widespread attention. Patients with AD have abnormal expression of miRNA, which is closed related to regulation of AD pathophysiology-related genes. Therefore, this paper first elaborated neuroprotective and toxic effects of microRNA in AD, and then explored relevant traditional Chinese medicines that can regulate miRNA in the treatment of AD, so as to provide basis for revealing the pathogenesis relationship between miRNA and AD and provide ideas for further development of anti-AD traditional Chinese medicine.
Subject(s)
Humans , Alzheimer Disease/genetics , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , MicroRNAs/genetics , Neurodegenerative DiseasesABSTRACT
Frailty syndrome, caused by degenerative changes in the body and the body vulnerability due to a variety of chronic diseases, is associated with adverse outcomes, such as fall, disability and mortality. With the development of antiretroviral therapy, the average life span of HIV/AIDS patients is extended, the number of elderly living with HIV/AIDS has increased, resulting the increase of the incidence of frailty syndrome in this population. The incidence of frailty syndrome in the elderly is associated with HIV infection and adverse reaction of antiretroviral therapy. Early assessment and intervention of frailty syndrome in elderly HIV/AIDS patients can reduce adverse clinical events and improve the quality of life.
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Objective Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is mainly involved in lipid metabolism and cholesterol transport, which is important for health. To establish a pyrosequencing based method for detection of 112T>C and 158C>T single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Apolipoprotein E gene. Methods Three amplification systems including Taq enzyme buffer from TaKaRa company (T buffer), La Taq enzyme buffer specified for G-C rich regions (L buffer) and Trans Taq enzyme buffer from TransGen company (TT buffer) were chosen to optimize PCR system and temperature by annealing at 60 °C and gradient annealing from 62 to 68 °C respectively. The specificity of this method was evaluated by comparing its results with those of Sanger sequencing. The sensitivity of this method was evaluated by gradient diluting human genomic DNA as detection template. Results According to the concentration and specificity of the products, the optimum condition was L buffer with 60℃ annealing programs. Pyrosequencing results of 20 samples were completely consistent with those of Sanger sequencing. The sensitivity of this method could be as low as 0.16 ng genomic DNA. Conclusion A method based on pyrosequencing detecting 112 and 158 polymorphisms in APOE gene was established, which can be applied in clinical personalized medicine.
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Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of gentiopicroside has a on rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by high-fat and high-sucrose diet, and explore its mechanism. Methods After 10 d adaptive feeding, 60 male SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group, model group, gentiopicroside low, medium, high dose treatment groups, and positive drug polyeno phosphoryl choline (PPC) intervention group. Except for the normal group, the rats in other groups were received a high fat and glucose diet for 12 weeks to establish NAFLD model; After model successfully established, gentiopicroside low, medium, and high dosetreatment groups were given 50, 100, and 200 mg/(kg•d) gentiopicroside, PPC group was ig given 23 mg/(kg•d) PPC, and 500 μL/(kg•d) saline was given to the normal and model groups. After treated for eight weeks, the rats were sacrificed, and the serum was collected from rats to detect the liver function, blood lipid, serum oxidation, antioxidant capacity, and inflammatory factors. HE staining was used to observe pathological changes of liver. In addition, western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to detect the expression of AMPKα and p-AMPKα. Results HE staining showed that the size of liver cells in the normal group was uniform and the nuclei were evenly distributed, there were obvious vacuoles and a certain inflammatory reaction in the model group. Compared with the model group, gentiopicroside treatment group and PPC group (especially the gentiopicroside middle and high dose group) had a significant improvement, but there were still some differences compared with the normal group; Compared with the normal group, the AST, ALT, HDL-C, LDL-C, MDA, IL-1, and IL-6 in the model group were significantly increased (P 0.05); The results of Western blotting and qRT-PCR showed that compared with the normal group, the expression of p-AMPKα protein and AMPKα mRNA in the model group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). After gentiopicroside and PPC administration, they were significantly increased (P<0.05), and gentiopicroside groups showed a significant dose-dependent manner, and the middle dose and high dose of gentiopicroside groups were better than the PPC group (P<0.05), while the expression of AMPKα protein has no significant difference in each group (P<0.05). Conclusion The NAFLD rats showed a obvious hepatic fat infiltration and dyslipidemia, the liver function index and inflammatory factors levels were elevated, and the anti-oxidant capacity was decreased. Gentiopicroside significantly improved above symptoms, which may be associated with the increased expression of p-AMPKα in liver tissue of NAFLD rats by gentiopicroside.
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BACKGROUND: There are many studies on the correlation between vascular endothelial growth factor and scar,but the correlation between angiopoietin-1 and scar is rarely reported.OBJECTIVE: To explore the expression of angiopoietin-1 and its correlation with angiogenesis during scar formation.METHODS: New Zealand white rabbits irrespective of gender were enrolled, and the scar models were established at the ear ventral center. The scar tissue and normal ear ventral tissue were removed at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after epithelialization. The morphology of scar formation was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, changes of angiogenesis during scar formation were observed through immunohistochemical staining of CD34, and the expression level of angiopoietin-1 was detected by western blot assay.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expression level of angiopoietin-1 in the scar tissue was increased firstly, peaked at 2 weeks after epithelialization, then decreased gradually, and the lowest at 12 weeks close to the normal value. The number of microvessels was the highest at 4 weeks after epithelialization and then decreased gradually. The number of mature vessels was on a rise. Number of mature vessels/total number of microvessels tended to be increased. The expression of angiopoietin-1 was correlated negatively with the number of mature vessels, and number of mature vessels/total number of microvessels during scar formation (P < 0.05). To conclude, angiopoietin-1 may play an important role in angiogenesis during scar formation.
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Objective To explore the effect of combined treatment of the combined treatment of bronchial asthma with the combined treatment of dried ephedrine and doxyline. Methods According to the regimen, divide 84 patients with bronchial asthma for two groups, 39 cases with doxofylline treatment of western medicine group, 45 cases in doxofylline treatment at the same time correlation dry ephedra soup for application for group of Chinese and western, compared two groups of curative effect. Results After treatment, the group of Chinese and western of TCM symptom score was significantly lower than western medicine group, the group of Chinese and western PEF, FEV1, ESO improved significantly compared with western medicine group is superior, and the Chinese and western group total effective rate is 95.56 %, contrast to 76.92 % of the western medicine group was significantly higher, the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). on the side of adverse reactions, the two groups showed no significant differences. Conclusion For patients with bronchial asthma, to doxofylline the treatment of at the same time, the correlation of dry ephedra soup for application can promote the ascension of curative effect, make the patients' lung function, inflammatory symptoms improved significantly, and will not increase adverse reactions.
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Objective To explore the effect of combined treatment of the combined treatment of bronchial asthma with the combined treatment of dried ephedrine and doxyline. Methods According to the regimen, divide 84 patients with bronchial asthma for two groups, 39 cases with doxofylline treatment of western medicine group, 45 cases in doxofylline treatment at the same time correlation dry ephedra soup for application for group of Chinese and western, compared two groups of curative effect. Results After treatment, the group of Chinese and western of TCM symptom score was significantly lower than western medicine group, the group of Chinese and western PEF, FEV1, ESO improved significantly compared with western medicine group is superior, and the Chinese and western group total effective rate is 95.56 %, contrast to 76.92 % of the western medicine group was significantly higher, the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). on the side of adverse reactions, the two groups showed no significant differences. Conclusion For patients with bronchial asthma, to doxofylline the treatment of at the same time, the correlation of dry ephedra soup for application can promote the ascension of curative effect, make the patients' lung function, inflammatory symptoms improved significantly, and will not increase adverse reactions.
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To investigate the application of WSARE (What' s Strange About Recent Events) algorithm in early warning on outbreaks of infectious diseases and to explore the multidimensional statistical methods for the detection of infectious diseases outbreak. Using WSARE algorithms based on historical data and Bayesian Network as baseline respectively, to analyze data on measles by mimicking the real-time monitoring and early warning system in Bao'an district,Shenzhen city, in 2007. WSARE algorithms were considered to be effective and timely in detecting the abnormally increase of measles among special population. WSARE algorithm could timely detect the abnormal increase of diseases among special local populations, thus having important value in the application of early warning system during the outbreak of infectious diseases.